The Pine Mountain region of West-Central Georgia has been of interest to plant scientists since R. M. Harper called attention to the interesting admixture of Coastal Plain and Mountain species in 1903. The geology, physiography, soils, climate, and regional land-use history are discussed. Included is a floristic checklist of the vascular flora of the western portion of the region. The flora of the Pine Mountain region is rich in species; it has many species with Coastal Plain or with Appalachian affinities whose presence provides evidence of past migrations. The phytogeographical implications of the flora are compared with reference to several features of the environment, history, and biota of the area.