Neviusia alabamensis Gray (Rosaceae), considered one of the rarest shrubs in North America, is endemic to the southeastern United States. Currently, the species is classified as category 2 on the Federal Register and is on state threatened and endangered species lists in Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Tennessee. Although several new populations were located during this study, the species should be federally protected due to the limited number of populations, small size of several populations, and potentially threatened location of some of the populations.