Located in the northeastern Piedmont of Georgia, Elbert County is triangular in shape, bounded on the east by the Savannah River, and to the west and south by the Broad River. A floristic survey is reported with a checklist of vascular plants, listing 826 species and varieties within 428 genera, which includes 22 species of pteridophytes, and 3 species of gymnosperms. Phytogeographical implications are considered. The study demonstrates a surprisingly high diversity of species for a Piedmont county.