Buckleya seeds germinated after cold storage at 3℃ for 4 months. A host is not necessary for germination, and seedlings will develop without attachment to a host. Seedlings grown without hosts developed the same as those with hosts. No differences in parasite vigor were observed in 5-month-old seedlings when grown with 19 different tree species from two gymnosperms and nine angiosperm families. All species except Liriodendron tulipifera were parasitized.