Leaf and fruit collections from the four known populations of the Maple-leaved oak, Quercus shumardii Buckl. var. acerifolia Palmer (Fagaceae), were analyzed for 47 qualitative and quantitative characters. Qualitative character states are identical within and among populations; means and ranges of variation for quantitative characters are very similar among populations although the ranges of variation within populations are often large. Data presented here adequately characterize leaves and fruits of this taxon to allow for reliable identification in the field and herbarium. Previously unpublished identifiers are also noted. The Maple-leaved oak is treated conservatively at the varietal level in this paper, pending further comparisons between it and the other taxa in the Quercus shumardii complex.